1. Heavy metal nephrotoxicity

Mechanism of action of nephrotoxic heavy metals in cells along the nephron; effects of nephrotoxic heavy metals upon cell cytoskeleton, cell membrane recycling and various membrane transporters.

2. Physiology, pathophysiology, and toxicology of proton transport in male and female reproductive tract

Mechanisms of proton transport in specialized cells along the male and female reproductive tract, morphological and functional characteristics of cells in male and female reproductive tract in experimental heavy metal toxicity.

3. Gender differences in the expression of anion and cation transporters in the mammalian kidney, and their regulation by sex hormones